Show ip dhcp binding : Shows the list of IP addresses assigned by the router as a dhcp server.
show ip nat translations : Displays the table NAT / PAT
clear ip nat translation: delete the contents of the table NAT / PAT
Wednesday, April 23, 2008
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Show ip dhcp binding : Shows the list of IP addresses assigned by the router as a dhcp server.
show ip nat translations : Displays the table NAT / PAT
clear ip nat translation: delete the contents of the table NAT / PAT
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useful commands access routers configuration
- Establish IP connectivity (choose a private address, choose a mask that meets the needs of hosts,)
- Install and SDM access from a terminal that can be configured to ping the router . Configure DHCP and PAT
- (configure -> interfaces and conections there leads us)
- Plan DHCP services before you deploy the router and server (plan addresses will asginar the router, dns server and default gateway) is necessary to use the show dhcp server command
- Sets the DHCP server (configured dhcp server features als obtained from step 4)
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PPP configuration is as simple as that of hdlc. As ppp is not the default protocol on the serial interfaces is necessary to ejecucución subcommand encapsulation ppp interface. the list of configuration options of hdlc apply to PPP.
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Configuring PPP Configuring HDLC
ethernet interfaces in the router is not necessary to activate commands or settings in layer 2 and 1, since a layer is suited to wire correctly and the data link layer is used by default ethernet. In layer 3 only needs an IP address (ip command) and a no shutdown possible to put in status up / up.
the same way in the wasteland interfaces, the default is HDCL, having no need for layer configurations 1 and 2. The only command to be working Ip and Ip is the no shutdown possible. Some considerations are necessary as well:
Step1: Set the interface subcommand ip address IP address.
Step2:
a) use the interface subcommand encapsulation hdlc when there is another protocol on that interface (you can see through encapsulation protocol) .
b) If the status line interface is administratively down, use no shutdown.
c) In the case of a serial link back to back, set the clock rate by subcommand interface clock rate speed DCE cable side (using the command show controllers serial number)
Step3: The following commands are optional:
a) Set the link speed through bandwidth interface subcommand -kbps speed.
b) Describe the use of the interface using the interface subcommand text description
ethernet interfaces in the router is not necessary to activate commands or settings in layer 2 and 1, since a layer is suited to wire correctly and the data link layer is used by default ethernet. In layer 3 only needs an IP address (ip command) and a no shutdown possible to put in status up / up.
the same way in the wasteland interfaces, the default is HDCL, having no need for layer configurations 1 and 2. The only command to be working Ip and Ip is the no shutdown possible. Some considerations are necessary as well:
Step1: Set the interface subcommand ip address IP address.
Step2: a) use the interface subcommand encapsulation hdlc when there is another protocol on that interface (you can see through encapsulation protocol) .
b) If the status line interface is administratively down, use no shutdown.
c) In the case of a serial link back to back, set the clock rate by subcommand interface clock rate speed DCE cable side (using the command show controllers serial number)
Step3: The following commands are optional:
a) Set the link speed through bandwidth interface subcommand -kbps speed.
b) Describe the use of the interface using the interface subcommand text description
Monday, April 21, 2008
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Inside Hosts -> refers to computers that are private address side. Inside
local
-> refers to an IP address in an IP header, which represents a host on the intranet while the package passed by the local network. Inside Global
-> refers to an IP address in an IP header, which represents an intranet hosts while the package passes through the global network. Inside
interface -> The router interface connected to the side of the intranet. Outside
interface -> The router interface connected to the public side.
terms can then more accurate to describe NAT and PAT:
NAT is the translation of IP addresses regardless of ports.
PAT: is the IP address translation taking into account the ports of the transport layer TCP and UDP.
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Terms NAT NAT AND PAT
to care for the number of available routable public addresses, ISPs are looking to assign the lowest number of IPS for each client, and most do it dynamically using dhcp so that when a customer decides to terminate the contract, the available IP be used immediately. The process of NAT is that the packages reach the router through its public interface and then the router will responsible for delivering the various packages hosts.
To understand the concept of PAT is necessary to clarify that from the perspective of the server no difference between multiple hosts implemented a number of TCP connections or hosts one implementing the same number of TCP connections.
Then PAT is responsible for translating the private addresses of the hosts on the public address of the router.
In step 1, pc1 sends a packet to the server 128.127.1.1 because that is your default gateway.
In step 2, R1 takes place based on the chart PAT NAT, use the router's public IP address instead of the host address to send the default route.
IN 3, the server responds to the ip 64.100.1.1 since these values \u200b\u200bare given in step 2 and it is a routeable ip.
In 4, R1 change the address and port through the NAT table to 192.168.1.101/1024 64.100.1.1/1024 changing. 
to care for the number of available routable public addresses, ISPs are looking to assign the lowest number of IPS for each client, and most do it dynamically using dhcp so that when a customer decides to terminate the contract, the available IP be used immediately. The process of NAT is that the packages reach the router through its public interface and then the router will responsible for delivering the various packages hosts.
To understand the concept of PAT is necessary to clarify that from the perspective of the server no difference between multiple hosts implemented a number of TCP connections or hosts one implementing the same number of TCP connections.
Then PAT is responsible for translating the private addresses of the hosts on the public address of the router.
In step 1, pc1 sends a packet to the server 128.127.1.1 because that is your default gateway.
In step 2, R1 takes place based on the chart PAT NAT, use the router's public IP address instead of the host address to send the default route.
IN 3, the server responds to the ip 64.100.1.1 since these values \u200b\u200bare given in step 2 and it is a routeable ip.
In 4, R1 change the address and port through the NAT table to 192.168.1.101/1024 64.100.1.1/1024 changing.
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Ruteando access to the router and Layer 3 addresses
addition to carrying out tasks of routing, the router must be able to manage incoming and outgoing traffic. The routers use a default route instead of learning the routes in the global internet network using a routing protocol. In fact, the topology is a classic example to use a default route.
The access router has only one physical path to access the Internet network, which is through the ISP router. Instead of configuring a static manner, default address is based on the default gateway as DHCP client learned (next hop router). In this
NSRF can conduct exit packages located in soho router, but the entry process packets from the internet could be a bit confusing since public address used by the router must be in routing tables in Internet routers capable of attaining. However intenet routers should never have entries in its tables for IP addresses 'private'. 
addition to carrying out tasks of routing, the router must be able to manage incoming and outgoing traffic. The routers use a default route instead of learning the routes in the global internet network using a routing protocol. In fact, the topology is a classic example to use a default route.
The access router has only one physical path to access the Internet network, which is through the ISP router. Instead of configuring a static manner, default address is based on the default gateway as DHCP client learned (next hop router). In this
NSRF can conduct exit packages located in soho router, but the entry process packets from the internet could be a bit confusing since public address used by the router must be in routing tables in Internet routers capable of attaining. However intenet routers should never have entries in its tables for IP addresses 'private'.
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To assign IP addresses off the router eth interfaces should consider the following:
The interface on the side of the Internet needs a public ip to routers loas Internet know where to send packets.
ISPs usually assign the public address via DHCP.
local hosts generally use the router as DHCP server to dynamically learn the IP.
The router needs a static private address.
The address of the LAN subnet addresses using private numbers.
To run the process the access router must be configured on your local interface with a static IP address, and a DHCP server function enabled on that interface. Moreover in Internet interface must be enabled DHCP client service. Note that the DNS servers used by the hosts are received as a DHCP client.
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